Stakeholder Panel Meeting Book - September 6, 2014

B 3 Forms, Chemistry, and Stability  i i i id i h i ll idi 3 b li N cot n c ac s c em ca y pyr ne ‐car oxy c  acid, and nicotinamide is pyridine 3‐carboxcylic  acid amide.     In unprocessed foods niacin is mostly present in  the form of the pyridine coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)  Nicotinamide is considerably more water soluble  than nicotinic acid and therefore the general  choice for fortification in liquid products.

 Nicotinic acid is a powerful vasodilator  which can be used to lower serum  cholesterol.  Both free forms of B 3 have an absorbance  maximum at 260nm and do not fluoresce.  Niacin is the most stable water soluble  d ff d b h l h vitamin, an is not a ecte y eat, ig t,  acid alkali, or oxidation.  Acid or alkali hydrolysis free the niacin from  coenzyme structures.

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