the Stakeholder Panel on Dietary Supplements

Kava Regulations

▪ Legal in most countries ▪ Australia: restrictions introduced in 2007

▪ Canada: 2002 ban lifted in 2012, products virtually absent ▪ EU: Regulated in Switzerland, France, and Netherlands

▪ Poland: Outright ban (probably the only one) ▪ UK: Ban on selling, supplying, importation

▪ New Zealand: Regulated as a Dietary Supplement ▪ Only traditional plant parts prepared in a traditional way ▪ Vanuatu: Legislation passed to regulate quality ▪ Export of non-noble cultivars and aerial parts prohibited

Safety Review Conclusion When used in normal … doses, kava appears to offer safe and effective anti- anxiety and muscle relaxant actions without depressing centers of higher thought (emphasis added). The safe use of kava … in cultures that do not have historical experience with its use depends on responsible manufacturing, marketing, individual consumption patterns, and education.